Every 2 color layer is printed individually,  so colours rarely line up perfectly on top of each other. This gives Riso’s distinctive misregistration an unavoidable part of the process. This is an inherent part of the process that makes each print totally unique. If you are open to imperfections and experimental result, Risograph printing will be perfect for you!

摩擦掉色&大面積墨色不均 Smudging

Risograph使用半水性的大豆或米糠環保油墨，油墨無法徹底固定在紙上，大面積的印刷更是會造成色塊隨機分布不均，或是摩擦掉色的情況，金色墨摩擦掉色的情況尤其明顯。

Riso ink is made of soy or rice oil. Which is environmentally-friendly. This type of ink stays open many hours after printing and will smudge if enough pressureIs applied to it.

混色 Color Overlapping

孔版印刷可以使用疊色做出混色效果，當K值濃度皆為100%時會較難混色，建議可以調整濃淡，以40%~70%濃度相疊混色。

多色印刷時會因印刷順序產生不同效果，工作人員會依成果最好的順序去印製，建議混色時可以先跟工作人員討論，或是先試印確認效果後再進行調整或大量印製。

With colors overlapping, it's fun to have surprising results. Like all we know that overlapping yellow and blue would produce green. And yet with different density or different yellow and blue, you can have variety of green. For instance, we have 3 kinds of yellow and 4 kinds of blue, how many tone of green would you probably get?

色塊&水痕 Uneven Coverage

高濃度、大色塊印刷時，容易出現上色不均的樣子像是水痕一樣的墨跡色，會依機器狀況隨機出現墨跡色塊的問題。最容易出現墨跡色塊的狀況是濃度100%的大面積印刷，例如大面積背景色，建議可以將濃度調整成70%~80%，狀況會稍微減少但無法完全避免。

基本上所有墨色都會出現色塊問題，但深色的墨色會較為嚴重。

Sometimes, there will be some uneven coverage of colors appear on prints. This situation happens especially if you print with high color intensity and large area.

Paper is fed through the Risograph with a rubber wheel. This applies pressure to ink, which can leave a mark on your artwork. For artwork with heavy ink coverage, roller marks may occur in the area shown in this graphic aside.

If the ink coverage is large and dense, the paper is prone to sticking to the plate cylinder. In order to facilitate smooth paper feeding, the "fine needles" inside the perforation press will detach the wet, sticky paper from the cylinder, and the line left by the needle is called a needle mark. If this is a concern, it is recommended to reduce the ink coverage or decrease the ink density.

The paper adheres to the ink roller, and its own texture and creases are one of the reasons for ink smudging. This is particularly common with artwork that has high ink density and large coverage, often resulting in wave-like ink marks during printing, with darker ink colors being more pronounced. Although the occurrence rate is difficult to predict, reducing the size of ink areas can help minimize the risk of ink smudging.

When printing double-sided, if one side has a larger ink coverage, the machine may rub against the previously printed artwork during paper feeding, resulting in ink smudging on the edges of the next sheet during printing.

Factors such as multi-color printing and higher paper weight can easily cause paper wear and tear during paper feeding in the printing machine, resulting in damage to the back edges of the paper.